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Erythrina variegata, commonly known as tiger's claw [2] or Indian coral tree, [3] is a species of Erythrina native to the tropical and subtropical regions of eastern Africa, the Indian subcontinent, northern Australia, and the islands of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean east to Fiji.
Indian pied myna (Gracupica contra) feeding on Indian coral tree (E. variegata) flowers in Kolkata, India. A flower of most known Erythrina species is made of long top petals that fold into a boat or spade shape and curve backwards from the stem while the bottom petals enclose its stamens; both together make almost a butterfly shape.
Erythrina herbacea, commonly known as the coral bean, Cherokee bean, Mamou plant in South Louisiana, red cardinal or cardinal spear, is a flowering shrub or small tree found throughout the southeastern United States and northeastern Mexico; [2] it has also been reported from parts of Central America and, as an introduced species, from Pakistan.
Butea monosperma is a small-sized dry-season deciduous tree, growing to 15 m (49 ft) tall.It is slow-growing: young trees have a growth rate of a few feet per year. The leaves are pinnate, with an 8–16 cm (3.1–6.3 in) petiole and three leaflets.
The tree is called the "tree of sorrow" because the foliage becomes droopy as blooming flowers fall off during early morning. [8] The Latin specific epithet arbor-tristis means "sad tree". [ 8 ] In India and Nepal, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis is known as pārijāta (पारिजात).
Madhuca longifolia is an Indian tropical tree found largely in the central, southern, north Indian plains and forests, Nepal, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. It is commonly known as madhūka, mahura, madkam, mahuwa, Butter Tree, mahura, mahwa, mohulo, Iluppai, Mee or Ippa-chettu. [1]
The oldest repository that is known to record the medicinal plants used in the Himalayas is known as Rigveda (4500 BC and 1600 BC), which explained the medical usage of 67 plants. The Ayurveda (the foundation of science of life and the art of healing of Hindu culture) explain the therapeutic properties of 1200 plants.
The Parijata is often identified with its terrestrial counterpart, the Indian coral tree (Eyrthrina indica), but is most often depicted like a magnolia or frangipani (Sanskrit: champaka) tree. It is described as having roots made of gold, a silver midriff, lapis lazuli boughs, coral leaves, pearl flower, gemstone buds, and diamond fruit. [3]