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Fischer random chess, also known as Chess960 ('chess nine-sixty'), is a variation of the game of chess invented by the former world chess champion Bobby Fischer. [1] Fischer announced this variation on June 19, 1996, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. [2][3][4] Fischer random chess employs the same board and pieces as classical chess, but the starting ...
Global Consciousness Project. The Global Consciousness Project (GCP, also called the EGG Project) is a parapsychology experiment begun in 1998 as an attempt to detect possible interactions of "global consciousness " with physical systems. The project monitors a geographically distributed network of hardware random number generators in a bid to ...
Swiss-system tournament. A Swiss-system tournament is a non-eliminating tournament format that features a fixed number of rounds of competition, but considerably fewer than for a round-robin tournament; thus each competitor (team or individual) does not play all the other competitors. Competitors meet one-on-one in each round and are paired ...
Round-robin tournament. A round-robin tournament or all-play-all tournament is a competition format in which each contestant meets every other participant, usually in turn. [1][2] A round-robin contrasts with an elimination tournament, wherein participants are eliminated after a certain number of wins or losses.
Randomness has many uses in science, art, statistics, cryptography, gaming, gambling, and other fields. For example, random assignment in randomized controlled trials helps scientists to test hypotheses, and random numbers or pseudorandom numbers help video games such as video poker. These uses have different levels of requirements, which leads ...
The Halton sequence covers the space more evenly. (red=1,..,10, blue=11,..,100, green=101,..,256) In statistics, Halton sequences are sequences used to generate points in space for numerical methods such as Monte Carlo simulations. Although these sequences are deterministic, they are of low discrepancy, that is, appear to be random for many ...
Fisher–Yates shuffle. The Fisher–Yates shuffle is an algorithm for shuffling a finite sequence. The algorithm takes a list of all the elements of the sequence, and continually determines the next element in the shuffled sequence by randomly drawing an element from the list until no elements remain. [1] The algorithm produces an unbiased ...
The Mersenne Twister is a general-purpose pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) developed in 1997 by Makoto Matsumoto (松本 眞) and Takuji Nishimura (西村 拓士). [1][2] Its name derives from the choice of a Mersenne prime as its period length. The Mersenne Twister was designed specifically to rectify most of the flaws found in older PRNGs.