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Birth rate, also known as natality, ... Crude birth rate is a measure of the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 people in the population. [83]
Along with mortality rate, natality rate is used to calculate the dynamics of a population. They are the key factors in determining whether a population is increasing, decreasing or staying the same in size. Natality is the greatest influence on a population's increase. Natality is shown as a crude birth rate or specific birth rate.
Standardized rates are a statistical measure of any rates in a population. These are adjusted rates that take into account the vital differences between populations ...
is the average number of people infected from one other person. For example, Ebola has an of two, so on average, a person who has Ebola will pass it on to two other people.. In epidemiology, the basic reproduction number, or basic reproductive number (sometimes called basic reproduction ratio or basic reproductive rate), denoted (pronounced R nought or R zero), [1] of an infection is the ...
The gross reproduction rate (GRR) is the average number of daughters a woman would have if she survived all of her childbearing years, which is roughly to the age of 45, subject to the age-specific fertility rate and sex ratio at birth throughout that period. This rate is a measure of replacement fertility if mortality is not in the equation. [1]
For the first time in nearly a decade, the birth rate among U.S. women is on the rise. According to a Department of Health and Human Services study, the birth rate among women 15 to 44 increased ...
Replacement fertility is the total fertility rate at which women give birth to enough babies to sustain population levels, assuming that mortality rates remain constant and net migration is zero. [8] If replacement level fertility is sustained over a sufficiently long period, each generation will exactly replace itself. [8]
The term fecundity in population biology is often used to describe the rate of offspring production after one time step (often annual). In this sense, fecundity may include both birth rates and survival of young to that time step. While levels of fecundity vary geographically, it is generally a consistent feature of each culture.