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A further complication in the case of the alveolar glands may occur in the form of still smaller saccular diverticuli growing out from the main sacculi. The term "racemose gland" [2] is used to describe a "compound alveolar gland" or "compound acinar gland." [3] Branched alveolar glands are classified as follows:
An acinus (/ ˈ æ s ɪ n ə s /; pl.: acini; adjective, acinar / ... is acinar in form, as is the alveolar sac containing multiple alveoli in the lungs. Exocrine ...
These are the compound tubular, compound acinar, and compound tubulo-acinar glands. Every gland is formed by an ingrowth from an epithelial surface. This ingrowth may in the beginning possess a tubular structure, but in other instances glands may start as a solid column of cells which subsequently becomes tubulated.
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Merocrine – the cells of the gland excrete their substances by exocytosis into a duct; for example, pancreatic acinar cells, eccrine sweat glands [dubious – discuss], salivary glands, goblet cells, intestinal glands, tear glands, etc. Apocrine – the apical portion of the cytoplasm in the cell membrane, which contains the excretion, buds off.
Tubular glands are glands with a tube-like shape throughout their length, in contrast with alveolar glands, which have a saclike secretory portion. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Tubular glands are further classified as one of the following types:
Paraseptal emphysema, also called distal acinar emphysema, relates to emphysematous change next to a pleural surface, or to a fissure. [ 18 ] [ 26 ] The cystic spaces known as blebs or bullae that form in paraseptal emphysema typically occur in just one layer beneath the pleura.
Anatomy Atlases – Microscopic Anatomy, plate 10.180 - "Tongue: Mucous and Serous Glands"; Anatomy Atlases – Microscopic Anatomy, plate 10.182 - "Lingual Glands"; Histology image: 10101loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University - "Epithelial Tissue, Surface Specializations, and Glands multicellular; pure serous gland"