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Hemorrhagic cystitis or haemorrhagic cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder defined by lower urinary tract symptoms that include dysuria, hematuria, and hemorrhage.The disease can occur as a complication of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and radiation therapy.
Cisplatin and gemcitabine treatment may be associated with less severe side effects. [5] Up to half of people with bladder cancer are not able to take these chemotherapy treatments due to their overall health. Taxanes or vinflunine have been used as second-line therapy (after progression on a platinum containing chemotherapy). [16]
Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are often used together against cancers which prove resistant to one or the other. [7] Chemotherapy is sometimes used to destroy urethral cancer cells. It is a systemic urethral cancer treatment (i.e., destroys urethral cancer cells throughout the body) that is administered orally or intravenously.
Bladder cancer is most common in wealthier regions of the world, where exposure to certain carcinogens is highest. It is also common in places where schistosome infection is common, such as North Africa. [56] Bladder cancer is much more common in men than women; around 1.1% of men and 0.27% of women develop bladder cancer. [2]
Chemo may also be used in more advanced cases to control the symptoms and side effects of the cancer. [1] After surgery to remove the tumor, a single dose of chemotherapy injected into the bladder is helpful in reducing the rate of cancer recurrence in people who have cancer of the inner lining of the bladder (upper tract urothelial carcinoma ...
Hematuria can be classified according to visibility, anatomical origin, and timing of blood during urination. [1] [6]In terms of visibility, hematuria can be visible to the naked eye (termed "gross hematuria") and may appear red or brown (sometimes referred to as tea-colored), or it can be microscopic (i.e. not visible but detected with a microscope or laboratory test).
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Ulceration can cause bleeding that can lead to symptoms such as coughing up blood (lung cancer), anemia or rectal bleeding (colon cancer), blood in the urine (bladder cancer), or abnormal vaginal bleeding (endometrial or cervical cancer). Although localized pain may occur in advanced cancer, the initial tumor is usually painless.