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When sodium is used as coolant in fast breeder reactors, 24 Na is created, which makes the coolant radioactive. When the 24 Na decays, it causes a buildup of magnesium in the coolant. Since the half-life is short, the 24 Na portion of the coolant ceases to be
A sodium-cooled fast reactor is a fast neutron reactor cooled by liquid sodium. The initials SFR in particular refer to two Generation IV reactor proposals, one based on existing liquid metal cooled reactor (LMFR) technology using mixed oxide fuel (MOX), and one based on the metal-fueled integral fast reactor .
Since liquid metals other than lithium and beryllium have low moderating ability, the primary interaction of neutrons with fast reactor coolant is the (n,gamma) reaction, which induces radioactivity in the coolant. Sodium-24 (24 Na) is created in the reactor loop of the sodium cooled fast reactor, from natural sodium-23 by neutron bombardment.
The flammability of sodium is a risk to operators. Sodium burns easily in air and will ignite spontaneously on contact with water. The use of an intermediate coolant loop between the reactor and the turbines minimizes the risk of a sodium fire in the reactor core. Under neutron bombardment, sodium-24 is produced.
Another consideration with the use of sodium as a coolant is the absorption of neutrons to generate the radioactive isotope 24 Na , which has a 15-hour half life . [ 27 ]
Loop type, in which the primary coolant is circulated through primary heat exchangers outside the reactor tank (but inside the biological shield due to radioactive 24 Na in the primary coolant) Experimental Breeder Reactor II, which served as the prototype for the Integral Fast Reactor