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Adults are small (< 2 millimetres (5 ⁄ 64 in)) to medium-sized insects (- < 10 millimetres (25 ⁄ 64 in)). Larger Diptera are rare, only certain families of Diptera Mydidae and Pantophthalmidae reach 95–100 millimetres (3 + 3 ⁄ 4 –4 in) wingspan while tropical species of Tipulidae have been recorded at over 100 millimetres (4 in).
External images For terms, see: Morphology of Diptera. Wing length: 6.5–8.75 mm (0.256–0.344 in). This species closely resembles Melangyna ericarum, but the thorax has pale hairs on the disc (many black hairs in M. ericarum). The jowls have only pale hairs below the eyes, whereas M. ericarum has some black hairs.
The Lonchopteridae (spear-winged flies or pointed-wing flies) are a family of small (2–5 mm), slender, yellow to brownish-black Diptera, occurring all over the world. Their common name refers to their pointed wings , which have a distinct venation.
In the flexed wing, the outer squama of the alula is turned upside down above the inner squama, the latter not being affected by the movement of the wing. In many Diptera, a deep incision of the anal area of the wing membrane behind the single vannal vein sets off a proximal alar lobe distal to the outer squama of the alula. [38]
External images For terms see Morphology of Diptera. Wing length 6-7·25 mm. Antennae reddish. In front view the distance between the eyes at most equal to the width of an eye. Wings blackish-tinged. Female thorax with purplish reflections. The male genitalia are figured by Maibach, A. & Goeldlin de Tiefenau (1994).
For terms see Morphology of Diptera. Wing venation. Dixidae are small (body length not more than 5.0 mm) slender gnats with thin legs. Adults are black to yellowish-brown. [4] The head is relatively broad. The antennae are thin and the flagellum has 14 segments. The proboscis is short and thick and the palpi are five-segmented.
A single large wing from a species of Diptera in the Triassic (10 mm instead of usual 2–6 mm) was found in Australia (Mt. Crosby).This family Tilliardipteridae, despite the numerous 'tipuloid' features, should be included in Psychodomorpha sensu Hennig on account of loss of the convex distal 1A reaching wing margin and formation of the anal loop.
Diptera is an order of winged insects commonly known as flies. Diptera, which are one of the most successful groups of organisms on Earth, are very diverse biologically. None are truly marine but they occupy virtually every terrestrial niche. Many have co-evolved in association with plants and animals.