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Encephalitis with meningitis is known as meningoencephalitis, while encephalitis with involvement of the spinal cord is known as encephalomyelitis. [ 2 ] The word is from Ancient Greek ἐγκέφαλος , enképhalos 'brain', [ 37 ] composed of ἐν , en , 'in' and κεφαλή , kephalé , 'head', and the medical suffix -itis 'inflammation'.
Rabies causes about 59,000 deaths worldwide per year, [6] about 40% of which are in children under the age of 15. [16] More than 95% of human deaths from rabies occur in Africa and Asia. [1] Rabies is present in more than 150 countries and on all continents but Antarctica. [1] More than 3 billion people live in regions of the world where rabies ...
The case-fatality rate of untreated encephalitis syndrome is 56–75%, [5] but early treatment of raised intracranial pressure reduces fatality rate. Of 27 children surviving encephalitis syndrome 24 completely recovered within 3 months, only two developed late onset refractory epilepsy and four continued to have hemiplegia after 8 months.
Lyssavirus (from the Greek λύσσα lyssa "rage, fury, rabies" and the Latin vīrus) [1] [2] is a genus of RNA viruses in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales. Mammals, including humans, can serve as natural hosts. [3] [4] The genus Lyssavirus includes the causative agent (rabies virus) of rabies. [5]
Rabies is present throughout the continental United States, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. It can infect any warm-blooded animal. In New York, the disease is seen mainly in ...
St. Louis encephalitis; Slow virus infections, which include: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis by Measles virus; Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; Rabies; Tick-borne encephalitis; Varicella; Viral encephalitis lists 37 causes; Viral meningitis; Western equine encephalitis
For some forms of viral encephalitis, such as Eastern equine encephalitis and Japanese encephalitis, there may be a significant amount of necrosis of nerve cells. Following encephalitis caused by arboviruses, calcification may occur in the CNS, especially among children. Herpes simplex encephalitis tends to produce necrotic lesions in the CNS. [1]
3D still showing rabies virus structure. Rhabdoviruses have helical symmetry, so their infectious particles are approximately cylindrical in shape. They are characterized by an extremely broad host spectrum ranging from plants [citation needed] to insects [citation needed] and mammals; human-infecting viruses more commonly have icosahedral symmetry and take shapes approximating regular polyhedra.