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Due to the long time spans, the first plague pandemic (6th century – 8th century) and the second plague pandemic (14th century – early 19th century) are shown by individual outbreaks, such as the Plague of Justinian (first pandemic) and the Black Death (second pandemic). Infectious diseases with high prevalence are listed separately ...
A disease or condition is not a pandemic merely because it is widespread or kills many people; it must also be infectious. For instance, cancer is responsible for many deaths but is not considered a pandemic because the disease is not contagious—i.e. easily transmissible—and not even simply infectious. [15]
Coronavirus diseases Host organism Disease Pathogen Year of Discovery Details Birds: Avian infectious bronchitis: Avian coronavirus (IBV) 1920s [14] (isolated in 1938) [15] Discovered in North America. [14] Pigs, dogs, cats: Enteritis: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) 1946 (isolated in 1965) [16] Infects pigs, [16] cats, [17] and dogs ...
For more international statistics in table and map form, see COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory. 108 countries and territories have more confirmed cases than the People's Republic of China , the country where the outbreak began.
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The term pandemic had not been used then, but was used for later epidemics, including the 1918 H1N1 influenza A pandemic—more commonly known as the Spanish flu—which is the deadliest pandemic in history. The most recent pandemics include the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the 2009 swine flu pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic. Almost all these diseases ...
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The Plague of Athens (c. 1652 –1654) by Michiel Sweerts, illustrating the devastating epidemic that struck Athens in 430 BC, as described by the historian Thucydides. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines epidemic broadly: "Epidemic refers to an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in ...