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Outlines of some packaged semiconductor devices. A semiconductor device is an electronic component that relies on the electronic properties of a semiconductor material (primarily silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide, as well as organic semiconductors) for its function. Its conductivity lies between conductors and insulators.
A compound semiconductor is a semiconductor compound composed of chemical elements of at least two different species. These semiconductors form for example in periodic table groups 13–15 (old groups III–V), for example of elements from the Boron group (old group III, boron, aluminium, gallium, indium) and from group 15 (old group V, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth).
In a metal, every atom donates at least one free electron for conduction, thus 1 cm 3 of metal contains on the order of 10 22 free electrons, [30] whereas a 1 cm 3 sample of pure germanium at 20 °C contains about 4.2 × 10 22 atoms, but only 2.5 × 10 13 free electrons and 2.5 × 10 13 holes.
Band diagram for Schottky barrier at equilibrium Band diagram for semiconductor heterojunction at equilibrium In solid-state physics of semiconductors , a band diagram is a diagram plotting various key electron energy levels ( Fermi level and nearby energy band edges) as a function of some spatial dimension, which is often denoted x . [ 1 ]
Electronic band structure of a semiconductor material. Like other solids, semiconductor materials have an electronic band structure determined by the crystal properties of the material. Energy distribution among electrons is described by the Fermi level and the temperature of the electrons.
A four-layer semiconductor device with a P-N-P-N structure: An insulated-gate bipolar transistor combining features from bipolar transistors and MOSFETs Terminals: Anode, cathode, gate: Emitter, collector, gate Layers: Four layers: Three layers Junction: PNPN structure: NPN(P) structure Modes of operation: Reverse blocking, forward blocking ...
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A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power. Field-effect transistors (FET) MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor FET) – by far the most widely manufactured electronic component (also known as MOS transistor) [6] [7] PMOS (p-type MOS) NMOS (n-type MOS) CMOS (complementary MOS ...