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If by multiset one considers equal items identical and simply counts them, then a multiset can be interpreted as a function from the input domain to the non-negative integers (natural numbers), generalizing the identification of a set with its indicator function. In some cases a multiset in this counting sense may be generalized to allow ...
A multiset may be formally defined as an ordered pair (U, m) where U is a set called a universe or the underlying set, and : is a function from U to the nonnegative integers. The value m ( a ) {\displaystyle m(a)} for an element a ∈ U {\displaystyle a\in U} is called the multiplicity of a {\displaystyle a} in the ...
Python uses the following syntax to express list comprehensions over finite lists: S = [ 2 * x for x in range ( 100 ) if x ** 2 > 3 ] A generator expression may be used in Python versions >= 2.4 which gives lazy evaluation over its input, and can be used with generators to iterate over 'infinite' input such as the count generator function which ...
This is a list of well-known data structures. For a wider list of terms, see list of terms relating to algorithms and data structures. For a comparison of running times for a subset of this list see comparison of data structures.
In C++, associative containers are a group of class templates in the standard library of the C++ programming language that implement ordered associative arrays. [1] Being templates, they can be used to store arbitrary elements, such as integers or custom classes.
Lookup, find, or get find the value (if any) that is bound to a given key. The argument to this operation is the key, and the value is returned from the operation. If no value is found, some lookup functions raise an exception, while others return a default value (such as zero, null, or a specific value passed to the constructor).
Examples include: C++: known as containers, implemented in C++ Standard Library and earlier Standard Template Library; Java: implemented in the Java collections framework; Oracle PL/SQL implements collections as programmer-defined types [1] Python: some built-in, others implemented in the collections library
HyperLogLog is an algorithm for the count-distinct problem, approximating the number of distinct elements in a multiset. [1] Calculating the exact cardinality of the distinct elements of a multiset requires an amount of memory proportional to the cardinality, which is impractical for very large data sets. Probabilistic cardinality estimators ...