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  2. Archimedes' principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes'_principle

    In other words, for an object floating on a liquid surface (like a boat) or floating submerged in a fluid (like a submarine in water or dirigible in air) the weight of the displaced liquid equals the weight of the object. Thus, only in the special case of floating does the buoyant force acting on an object equal the objects weight.

  3. Added mass - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Added_mass

    This means that added mass depends on both the object geometry and its proximity to a boundary. For floating bodies (e.g., ships/vessels) this means that the response of the floating body (i.e., due to wave action) is altered in finite water depths (the effect is virtually nonexistent in deep water).

  4. Terminal velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_velocity

    The terminal speed of an object changes due to the properties of the fluid, the mass of the object and its projected cross-sectional surface area. Air density increases with decreasing altitude, at about 1% per 80 metres (260 ft) (see barometric formula). For objects falling through the atmosphere, for every 160 metres (520 ft) of fall, the ...

  5. Buoyancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyancy

    Buoyancy (/ ˈ b ɔɪ ən s i, ˈ b uː j ən s i /), [1] [2] or upthrust is a net upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of a partially or fully immersed object. In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid.

  6. Gravitational time dilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_time_dilation

    The clocks aboard the airplanes were slightly faster than clocks on the ground. The effect is significant enough that the Global Positioning System's artificial satellites need to have their clocks corrected. [13] Additionally, time dilations due to height differences of less than one metre have been experimentally verified in the laboratory. [14]

  7. Equations for a falling body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations_for_a_falling_body

    [1] [2] He measured elapsed time with a water clock, using an "extremely accurate balance" to measure the amount of water. [note 1] The equations ignore air resistance, which has a dramatic effect on objects falling an appreciable distance in air, causing them to quickly approach a terminal velocity. The effect of air resistance varies ...

  8. Coriolis force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriolis_force

    Deflection of an object due to the Coriolis force is called the Coriolis effect. Though recognized previously by others, the mathematical expression for the Coriolis force appeared in an 1835 paper by French scientist Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis , in connection with the theory of water wheels .

  9. Drag (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag_(physics)

    An object falling through viscous medium accelerates quickly towards its terminal speed, approaching gradually as the speed gets nearer to the terminal speed. Whether the object experiences turbulent or laminar drag changes the characteristic shape of the graph with turbulent flow resulting in a constant acceleration for a larger fraction of ...