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Water for injection is generally made by distillation or reverse osmosis. [5] It should contain less than a mg of elements other than water per 100 ml. [5] Versions with agents that stop bacterial growth are also available. [5] In the UK, some hospitals offer subcutaneous injections of water directly for treating back pain in labour.
A bacteriostatic agent or bacteriostat, abbreviated Bstatic, is a biological or chemical agent that stops bacteria from reproducing, while not necessarily killing them otherwise. Depending on their application, bacteriostatic antibiotics , disinfectants , antiseptics and preservatives can be distinguished.
Microtox Osmotic Adjustment Solution (MOAS) is a nontoxic solution that is made up of 22% sodium chloride and ultra-pure water. This solution is added to a sample to adjust the osmotic pressure to approximately 2% NaCl. [11] Reconstitution Solution consists of specially prepared, nontoxic ultra-pure water. [11]
solution, reconstituted 500, 1000, 2000 mg/vial, 2000 mg with diluent (multi-dose vial) monobasic sodium phosphate anhydrous, dibasic sodium phosphate dried, and lactose hydrous. Bacteriostatic water added as diluent with Benzyl alcohol 2 added as a preservative methylprednisolone succinate 3: Solu-Medrol Parenteral: intravenous or intramuscular
Bacteriostatic agents have been effectively used for treatment that are considered to require bactericidal activity. Furthermore, some broad classes of antibacterial agents considered bacteriostatic can exhibit bactericidal activity against some bacteria on the basis of in vitro determination of MBC/MIC values.
Clindamycin phosphate is a water-soluble ester of the semi-synthetic antibiotic clindamycin, which is synthesized from lincomycin. Like the macrolide antibiotics, it acts as a bacteriostatic agent by interfering with the 50S subunit of the ribosome of Cutibacterium acnes , inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis and preventing bacteria from ...
Benzyl alcohol is used as a bacteriostatic preservative at low concentration in intravenous medications, cosmetics, and topical drugs. [11] Benzyl alcohol, sold under the brand name Ulesfia, was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2009, as a 5% solution for the treatment of head lice in people 6 months of age and older. [12]
Antimicrobial use has been common practice for at least 2000 years. Ancient Egyptians and ancient Greeks used specific molds and plant extracts to treat infection. [5]In the 19th century, microbiologists such as Louis Pasteur and Jules Francois Joubert observed antagonism between some bacteria and discussed the merits of controlling these interactions in medicine. [6]