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Dynamic load testing (or dynamic loading) is a method to assess a pile's bearing capacity by applying a dynamic load to the pile head (a falling mass) while recording acceleration and strain on the pile head.
System dynamics is a methodology and mathematical modeling technique to frame, understand, and discuss complex issues and problems. Originally developed in the 1950s to help corporate managers improve their understanding of industrial processes, SD is currently being used throughout the public and private sector for policy analysis and design.
Springer, 2005 ISBN 3-540-24936-2; D. J. Harris (1985). Mathematics for business, management, and economics: a systems modelling approach. E. Horwood, 1985. ISBN 0-85312-821-9; Jiming Liu, Xiaolong Jin, Kwok Ching Tsui (2005). Autonomy oriented computing: from problem solving to complex systems modeling. Springer, 2005. ISBN 1-4020-8121-9
Dynamical systems theory and chaos theory deal with the long-term qualitative behavior of dynamical systems.Here, the focus is not on finding precise solutions to the equations defining the dynamical system (which is often hopeless), but rather to answer questions like "Will the system settle down to a steady state in the long term, and if so, what are the possible steady states?", or "Does ...
[1] [2] However, some systems are stochastic, in that random events also affect the evolution of the state variables. The study of dynamical systems is the focus of dynamical systems theory, which has applications to a wide variety of fields such as mathematics, physics, [3] [4] biology, [5] chemistry, engineering, [6] economics, [7] history ...
q is the dynamic pressure in pascals (i.e., N/m 2, ρ (Greek letter rho) is the fluid mass density (e.g. in kg/m 3), and; u is the flow speed in m/s. It can be thought of as the fluid's kinetic energy per unit volume. For incompressible flow, the dynamic pressure of a fluid is the difference between its total pressure and static pressure.