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One study explored the effects of low levels of oxytocin and the other on possible explanation of what affects oxytocin receptors. As a lack of social skills and proper emotional behavior are common signs of Autism, low levels of oxytocin could become a new sign for individuals that fall into the Autism Spectrum.
[49] [28] High dosages of testosterone (with levels of > 50 ng/dL) have a risk of masculinization (e.g., acne, hair growth, voice changes) with long-term therapy in women. [49] [28] High dosages of testosterone but not low dosages of testosterone enhance the effects of low dosages of estrogens on sexual desire.
Hyponatremia is a decreased concentration of sodium in the body as a result of increased fluids. This occurs due to oxytocin's similar structure to vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone), which acts to retain water in the body. Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is also a common side effect due to oxytocin's ability to relax smooth muscle of vessels.
551 11998 Ensembl ENSG00000101200 ENSMUSG00000037727 UniProt P01185 P35455 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000490 NM_009732 RefSeq (protein) NP_000481 NP_033862 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 3.08 – 3.08 Mb Chr 2: 130.42 – 130.42 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Human vasopressin, also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH), arginine vasopressin (AVP) or argipressin, is a hormone synthesized ...
Oxytocin is released when a mother cares for her child, making the interaction pleasurable. Mothers that report high levels of infant-mother bonding and demonstrate responsive and sensitive parenting generally show increased levels of OT and brain reward center activation during play sessions.
There are variable results in between the effects of oxytocin on paternal care between males of different species. Oxytocin levels are unchanged in California mice before and after becoming fathers, [44] but the amount of paternal exposure to rats is associated with an increase in oxytocin and increased care. [43]
During human parturition, the quantifiable level of blood plasma oxytocin rises: it becomes twice as much during the initial phase of dilation and continues to increase until the second stage of labor. [36] Oxytocin furthermore induces uterine contractions in mothers following childbirth which helps in the prevention of bleeding. [37]
Synthetic oxytocin, sold under the brand name Pitocin among others, is a medication made from the peptide oxytocin. [6] [7] As a medication, it is used to cause contraction of the uterus to start labor, increase the speed of labor, and to stop bleeding following delivery. [6]