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On the island of Crete, the Jews historically played an important part in the transport trade. In the centuries following 1492 most of the Romaniote communities were assimilated by the more numerous Sephardim. Colonel Mordechai Frizis (1893–1940) from the ancient Romaniote Greek Jewish community of Chalkis [28] with his wife Victoria.
The New Testament describes Greek Jews as a separate community from the Jews of Judaea, and the Jews of Greece did not participate in the First Jewish-Roman War or later conflicts. The Jews of Thessaloniki, speaking a dialect of Greek, and living a Hellenized existence, were joined by a new Jewish colony in the 1st century AD.
Levine, Rabbi Menachem, 2023, The Jewish History of Rome Aish; Mclaren, James S. 2013. "The Jews in Rome during the Flavian Period." Antichthon 47:156–172. Pucci Ben Zeev, Miriam. 1998. Jewish Rights in the Roman World: The Greek and Roman Documents Quoted by Josephus Flavius. Tübingen, Germany: Mohr. Rutgers, Leonard Victor. 2000.
Large numbers of Jews lived in Greece (including the Greek isles in the Aegean and Crete) as early as the beginning of the 3rd century BCE. The first recorded mention of Judaism in Greece dates from 300 to 250 BCE, on the island of Rhodes. [12] In the wake of Alexander the Great's conquests, Jews migrated from the Middle East to Greek ...
British troops landed on Crete with the consent of the Greek Government from 3 November 1940, in order to make the 5th Greek Division of Crete available for the Albanian front. The invasion of mainland Greece by the Axis powers began on 6 April 1941 and was complete within a few weeks despite the intervention of the armies of the Commonwealth ...
The Etz Hayyim Synagogue (Hebrew: בית הכנסת עץ חיים) is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Chania on the island of Crete, in Greece. [2] Constructed as a church, the building was converted into a synagogue in the 17th century. It is the only surviving remnant of the island's Romaniote Jewish community.
Meanwhile, the Kitos War, a rebellion by Jewish diaspora communities in Roman territories in the Eastern Mediterranean and Mesopotamia, led to the destruction of Jewish communities in Crete, Cyprus, and North Africa in 117 CE, and consequently the dispersal of Jews already living outside of Judea to further reaches of the Empire. [57]
In Rafael Parisi's book "Pieces of the History of Greek Jewry", it is mentioned that in the 12th century there was a migration movement towards the Ionian Islands, especially to the island of Zakynthos - where they founded a synagogue. Another wave of Jewish migration occurred when Crete, then called "Candia", came under Venetian control in 1204.