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Secondary amenorrhea's most common and most easily diagnosable causes are pregnancy, thyroid disease, and hyperprolactinemia. [50] A pregnancy test is a common first step for diagnosis. [50] Similar to primary amenorrhea, evaluation of secondary amenorrhea also begins with a pregnancy test, prolactin, FSH, LH, and TSH levels. [13]
The progestogen challenge test, or progesterone withdrawal test, is a test used in the field of obstetrics and gynecology to evaluate a patient who is experiencing amenorrhea. Due to readily available assays to measure serum estradiol levels, this test is now rarely used. [1]
It is mandatory to exclude pregnancy. The treatment is determined based on the cause of menorrhagia. In case of puberty menorrhagia due to immaturity of hypothalamic axis, hormonal therapy is beneficial. Treatment for blood loss should be done simultaneously with iron therapy in mild to moderate blood loss and blood transfusion in severe blood ...
Signs and Symptoms Individuals with XX gonadal dysgenesis appear phenotypical female with normal internal and external genitalia, bilateral streak gonads, and normal stature. Diagnosis commonly occurs in adolescence due to delayed puberty or amenorrhea.
Exercise amenorrhoea is a diagnosis of exclusion. Girls who exercise at a young age may have primary amenorrhoea. The differential diagnosis are androgen excess, pituitary tumors (rare), tumors of the third ventricle (rare) or other conditions leading to chronic malnutrition. Diet history and bone density investigations should also be done to ...
Patients experiencing amenorrhea due to hypothyroidism may be started with thyroid replacement therapy. Dopamine agonists such as bromocriptine are used in patients with pituitary adenomas . Amenorrhea associated with gonadal dysgenesis or a hypoestrogenic state may be treated with oral contraceptives, patches, or vaginal rings.
The diagnosis can be made at various ages, from neonates presenting with hydrocolpos to young women presenting with primary amenorrhea and pelvic pain due to the development of hematocolpos. Often, women might have a normal hymeneal opening but this wall of tissue might be blocking the access to the vaginal canal.
Oligoamenorrhea, also known as irregular infrequent periods or irregular infrequent menstrual bleeding, is a collective term to refer to both oligomenorrhea (infrequent periods) and amenorrhea (absence of periods). [1] It is a menstrual disorder in which menstrual bleeding occurs on an infrequent and irregular basis.