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Broca's area, or the Broca area (/ ˈ b r oʊ k ə /, [1] [2] [3] also UK: / ˈ b r ɒ k ə /, US: / ˈ b r oʊ k ɑː / [4]), is a region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere, usually the left, of the brain [5] with functions linked to speech production.
The brain is wired contralaterally, which means the limbs on right side of the body are controlled by the left hemisphere and vice versa. [16] Therefore, when Broca's area or surrounding areas in the left hemisphere are damaged, hemiplegia or hemiparesis often occurs on the right side of the body in individuals with Broca's aphasia.
Most language processing takes place in Broca's area usually in the left hemisphere. [9] Damage to this region often results in a type of non-fluent aphasia known as Broca's aphasia. Broca's area is made up of the pars opercularis and the pars triangularis, both of which contribute to verbal fluency, but each has its own specific contribution.
Most individuals will undergo a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scan to confirm the presence of a brain injury and to identify its precise location. [22] In circumstances where a person is showing possible signs of aphasia, the physician will refer him or her to a speech-language pathologist (SLP) for a ...
Broca's area is located in the left hemisphere prefrontal cortex above the cingulate gyrus in the third frontal convolution. [16] Broca's area was discovered by Paul Broca in 1865. This area handles speech production. Damage to this area would result in Broca aphasia which causes the patient to become unable to formulate coherent appropriate ...
In this rare type of aphasia, Broca's area, Wernicke's area, and the arcuate fasciculus are intact but the watershed region around them is damaged. [8] This damage isolates these areas from the rest of the brain. The most frequent etiology of mixed transcortical aphasia is stenosis (narrowing) of the internal carotid artery.
Two structures are often described in this brain regions, namely the nuclei of the vertical and horizontal limbs of the diagonal band of Broca (nvlDBB and nhlDBB, respectively). nvlDBB projects to the hippocampal formation through the fornix and it is the second largest assembly of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain whereas nhlDBB projects to the olfactory bulb and it does not have a ...
Brain injury (BI) is the ... (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI ... Wernicke later hypothesized the relationship between Wernicke's area and Broca's area, which was ...