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USB was designed to standardize the connection of peripherals to personal computers, both to exchange data and to supply electric power. It has largely replaced interfaces such as serial ports and parallel ports and has become commonplace on various devices.
Some non-standard USB devices use the 5 V power supply without participating in a proper USB network, which negotiates power draw with the host interface. Examples include USB-powered keyboard lights, fans, mug coolers and heaters, battery chargers, miniature vacuum cleaners , and even miniature lava lamps .
Power equals voltage times current. A USB port that draws 500 mA (0.5 A) at 5 volts is drawing 2.5 watts of power. In Bus-powered USB hubs, each USB port can supply power as well as transfer data. A self-powered hub takes its power from an external power supply unit and can therefore provide full power (up to 500 mA) to every port. Self-powered ...
USB-C devices may optionally provide or consume bus power currents of 1.5 A and 3.0 A (at 5 V) in addition to baseline bus power provision; power sources can either advertise increased USB current through the configuration channel or implement the full USB Power Delivery specification using both the BMC-coded configuration line and the legacy ...
The CC configuration channels have roles of creating a relationship between attached ports, detecting plug orientation due to the reversible USB Type-C shell, discovering the VBUS power supply pins, determining the lane ordering of the SuperSpeed lanes and, finally, the USB protocol makes the CC configuration channel responsible for entering ...
This document specified the three components of a common charging solution (CCS): a charging and local data connector (CLD) on the "terminal" (e.g., a mobile phone) consisting of a micro USB-B (2.0) or micro USB-AB (2.0) receptacle; a common power supply (CPS) with a USB type-A receptacle; and a detachable USB type-A to micro USB-B (2.0) cable ...
EU common external power supply components EU common external power supply with captive cable. A common EPS must include a cable with a micro USB-B (2.0) connector for connecting to a mobile phone. This cable can be either captive (permanently attached to the power supply) or detachable. If detachable, the cable must connect to the power supply ...
The ExpressCard may have a socket for an external power supply. If the external device has an appropriate connector, it can be powered by an external power supply. USB 3.0 port provided by an ExpressCard-to-USB 3.0 adapter may be connected to a separately-powered USB 3.0 hub, with external devices connected to that USB 3.0 hub.