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Such maps have been in use since the mid-19th century and are used for research and weather forecasting purposes. Maps using isotherms show temperature gradients, [2] which can help locate weather fronts. Isotach maps, analyzing lines of equal wind speed, [3] on a constant pressure surface of 300 or 250 hPa show where the jet stream is located.
A surface weather analysis for the United States on October 21, 2006. By that time, Tropical Storm Paul was active (Paul later became a hurricane). Surface weather analysis is a special type of weather map that provides a view of weather elements over a geographical area at a specified time based on information from ground-based weather stations.
The use of frontal zones on weather maps did not appear until the introduction of the Norwegian cyclone model in the late 1910s, despite Loomis' earlier attempt at a similar notion in 1841. [14] Since the leading edge of air mass changes bore resemblance to the military fronts of World War I, the term "front" came into use to represent these ...
Isotherm (contour line) – a type of equal temperature at a given date or time on a geographic map; Isotherm – in thermodynamics, a curve on a P-V diagram for an isothermal process; Moisture sorption isotherm – a curve giving the functional relationship between humidity and equilibrium water content of a material for a constant temperature
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An isotherm (from Ancient Greek θέρμη (thermē) 'heat') is a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature. Therefore, all points through which an isotherm passes have the same or equal temperatures at the time indicated. [26] [2] An isotherm at 0 °C is called the freezing level.
The red line indicates the 10°C isotherm in July and the white area shows the average minimum extent of sea ice in summer as of 1975. [ 3 ] Some parts of the Arctic are covered by ice ( sea ice , glacial ice , or snow ) year-round, especially at the most poleward parts; and nearly all parts of the Arctic experience long periods with some form ...
The 0 °C isotherm under normal conditions. The freezing level, or 0 °C (zero-degree) isotherm, represents the altitude in which the temperature is at 0 °C (the freezing point of water) in a free atmosphere (i.e. allowing reflection of the sun by snow, icing conditions, etc.).