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The telephone played a major communications role in American history from the 1876 publication of its first patent by Alexander Graham Bell onward. In the 20th century the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) dominated the telecommunication market as the at times largest company in the world, until it was broken up in 1982 and replaced by a system of competitors.
8 December 1929: Opening of commercial ship-to-shore telephone service. [23] 3 April 1930: Opening of transoceanic telephone service to Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay and subsequently to all other South American countries. [23] 1931: The Ericsson DBH 1001 telephone was the first telephone without a separate ringer box. [32]
As a result of this vertical monopoly, the Bell System effectively owned most telephone service in the United States by 1940, from local and long-distance service to the telephones. This allowed Bell to prohibit its customers from connecting equipment not made or sold by Bell to the system without paying fees.
1927: First commercial radio-telephone service, U.K.–U.S. 1930: First experimental videophones; 1934: First commercial radio-telephone service, U.S.–Japan; 1936: World's first public videophone network; 1946: Limited capacity Mobile Telephone Service for automobiles; 1947: First working transistor (see History of the transistor)
Shows Bell's second telephone transmitter , invented 1876 and first displayed at the Centennial Exposition, Philadelphia. This history of the telephone chronicles the development of the electrical telephone, and includes a brief overview of its predecessors. The first telephone patent was granted to Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
As phone lines became more popular—between 1942 and 1962, the number of phones in the U.S. grew 230% to 76 million—telephone companies realized they would run out of phone numbers.
Telephone numbers listed in 1920 in New York City having three-letter exchange prefixes. In the United States, the most-populous cities, such as New York City, Philadelphia, Boston, and Chicago, initially implemented dial service with telephone numbers consisting of three letters and four digits (3L-4N) according to a system developed by W. G. Blauvelt of AT&T in 1917. [1]
The Telephone and Its Several Inventors: A History. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. Evenson, A. Edward (2000). The Telephone Patent Conspiracy of 1876: The Elisha Gray – Alexander Bell Controversy. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. Fischer, Claude S. (1994) America calling: A social history of the telephone to 1940 (Univ of California Press, 1994)