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Catharanthus roseus is an evergreen subshrub or herbaceous plant growing 1 m (39 in) tall. The leaves are oval to oblong, 2.5–9 cm (1.0–3.5 in) long and 1–3.5 cm (0.4–1.4 in) wide, glossy green, hairless, with a pale midrib and a short petiole 1–1.8 cm (0.4–0.7 in) long; they are arranged in opposite pairs.
Catharanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae.Like the genus Vinca, they are known commonly as periwinkles. [3] There are eight known species. Seven are endemic to Madagascar, [4] though one, C. roseus, is widely naturalized around the world.
Catharanthus roseus yields alkaloids used in the treatment of cancer. [22] [23] Tabernanthe iboga, Voacanga africana, and Tabernaemontana undulata contain the alkaloid ibogaine, which is a psychedelic drug which may help with drug addiction, but which has significant adverse effects, [24] [25] with ibogaine being both cardiotoxic and neurotoxic ...
Vinca (/ ˈ v ɪ ŋ k ə /; [2] Latin: vincire "to bind, fetter") is an Old World genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, The English name periwinkle is shared with the related genus Catharanthus (and with the mollusc Littorina littorea). Some Vinca species are cultivated but have also spread invasively.
The C. roseus plant is a member of the Apocynaceae family, which are flowering plants that are found primarily in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. [3] C. roseus are poisonous but medically useful plants due to the various terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) they produce in their leaves, roots, and flowers.
Tabersonine is a terpene indole alkaloid found in the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus and also in the genus Voacanga [1] (both taxa belonging to the alkaloid-rich family Apocynaceae). Tabersonine is hydroxylated at the 16 position by the enzyme tabersonine 16-hydroxylase (T16H) to form 16-hydroxytabersonine. [2]
Catharanthus or Madagascar periwinkles Catharanthus roseus or rosy periwinkle; Vinca or European periwinkles Vinca major or greater periwinkle; Vinca minor or lesser periwinkle; Vinca herbacea or herbaceous periwinkle
The common milkweed Asclepias syriaca and the periwinkle Catharanthus roseus are known plant hosts for milkweed yellows phytoplasma. [6] [7] The insect host species for milkweed yellows is not known. [citation needed]