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The three-dimensional orientation of a line can be described with just a plunge and trend. The rake is a useful description of a line because often (in geology) features (lines) follow along a planar surface. In these cases the rake can be used to describe the line's orientation in three dimensions relative to that planar surface.
A horizontal line would have a plunge of 0°, and a vertical line would have a plunge of 90°. [3] [7] A linear feature which lies within a plane can also be measured by its rake (or pitch). Unlike plunge, which is the feature's azimuth, the rake is the angle measured within the plane from the strike line. [3]
The new edition that was published in 2009, contains a 1:75,000 geology map of the island, 6 maps (1:25,000) containing topography, street directory and geology, a sheet of cross section and a locality map. The difference found between the 1976 Geology of Singapore report include numerous formations found in literature between 1976 and 2009.
The calc-alkaline magma series is one of two main subdivisions of the subalkaline magma series, the other subalkaline magma series being the tholeiitic series. A magma series is a series of compositions that describes the evolution of a mafic magma, which is high in magnesium and iron and produces basalt or gabbro, as it fractionally crystallizes to become a felsic magma, which is low in ...
Also geologic time scale. geology geosyncline A mobile down-warping of the Earth's crust, either elongate or basin-like, measured in scores of kilometres, which is subsiding as sedimentary and volcanic rocks accumulate to thicknesses of thousands of metres. glass Amorphous (non-crystalline) hard and brittle solid such as soda-lime glass. glauconite
Classic geological compass (Brunton), sideview Classic geological compass (Brunton), topview. There are a number of different specialized magnetic compasses used by geologists to measure orientation of geological structures, as they map in the field, to analyze and document the geometry of bedding planes, joints, and/or metamorphic foliations and lineations.
[1]: 1 The realm of geochemistry extends beyond the Earth, encompassing the entire Solar System, [2] and has made important contributions to the understanding of a number of processes including mantle convection, the formation of planets and the origins of granite and basalt. [1]: 1 It is an integrated field of chemistry and geology.
Carlin Trend, shown with other alignments of sediment-hosted gold deposits in Nevada.Source: USGS. Newmont's Gold Quarry mine in 2009, on the Carlin Trend. The Carlin Unconformity or Carlin Trend is a geologic feature in northeastern Nevada which represents a period of erosion or non-deposition likely associated with a collision between a tectonic crustal block called a terrane and the North ...