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Recent progress in deriving the Page curve for unitary black hole evaporation is a significant step towards finding both a resolution to the information paradox and a more general understanding of unitarity in quantum gravity. [21] Many researchers consider deriving the Page curve as synonymous with solving the black hole information paradox.
Hawking radiation is in a pure state. The black hole can be thought of as a quantum operator, which takes the quantum state of the original mass and converts it into the quantum state of the Hawking radiation, as viewed by a distant observer. Outside of the black hole's event horizon, semi-classical field equations remain valid.
The simplest models of black hole evaporation lead to the black hole information paradox. The information content of a black hole appears to be lost when it dissipates, as under these models the Hawking radiation is random (it has no relation to the original information).
Stephen Hawking’s suggestion that black holes “leak” radiation left physicists with a problem they have been attempting to solve for 51 years.
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The Thorne–Hawking–Preskill bet was a public bet on the outcome of the black hole information paradox made in 1997 by physics theorists Kip Thorne and Stephen Hawking on the one side, and John Preskill on the other, according to the document they signed 6 February 1997, [1] as shown in Hawking's 2001 book The Universe in a Nutshell.
The holographic principle as used in a resolution of this paradox implies that the information is encoded at the event horizon of a black hole, and is released as part of the Hawking radiation. Therefore it's part of the approach given, Information gradually leaks out during the black-hole evaporation. However, it might be worth expanding on ...
Ever since Stephen Hawking suggested information is lost in an evaporating black hole once it passes through the event horizon and is inevitably destroyed at the singularity, and that this can turn pure quantum states into mixed states, some physicists have wondered if a complete theory of quantum gravity might be able to conserve information with a unitary time evolution.