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Thomas Cromwell, Baron Cromwell (/ ˈ k r ɒ m w əl,-w ɛ l /; [1] [a] c. 1485 – 28 July 1540), briefly Earl of Essex, was an English statesman and lawyer who served as chief minister to King Henry VIII from 1534 to 1540, when he was beheaded on orders of the king, who later blamed false charges for the execution.
The English monarchy was replaced with, at first, the Commonwealth of England (1649–1653) and then the Protectorate (1653–1659) under Cromwell's personal rule. [5] [6] Charles II was crowned at Westminster Abbey on 23 April 1661, following the Restoration of the monarchy. Following the death of Cromwell in 1658 a power struggle ensued.
Thomas Cromwell provided a more extensive education for his own son, Gregory. Thomas and Elizabeth had three surviving children – a son, Gregory, and two daughters, Anne and Grace. Thomas Cromwell's wife died early in 1529, [1] and his daughters, Anne and Grace, are believed to have died not long after their mother. Provisions made for Anne ...
Elizabeth Wyckes, (also Wykys, or Wykes) (d. 1529) was the wife of Thomas Cromwell (1485 – 28 July 1540), Earl of Essex, and chief minister to Henry VIII of England.She was daughter to Henry Wyckes, a well-to-do clothier from Chertsey, and his wife Mercy, who married Sir John Pryor after Wyckes' death.
The most well-known Earls of Essex were Thomas Cromwell (c. 1485 – 1540) (sixth creation), chief minister to King Henry VIII, Sir William Parr (1513-1571) who was brother to Queen Catherine Parr who was the sixth wife of King Henry VIII, and Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex (1565–1601) (eighth creation), a favourite of Queen Elizabeth I ...
Beheaded at White Tower for false charges of adultery, incest, and high treason engineered by Thomas Cromwell after she was unable to bear King Henry VIII a male heir. John Hussey, 1st Baron Hussey of Sleaford: early 1537 Chief Butler of England, member of the House of Lords, and chamberlain to Mary I. Executed for role in the Pilgrimage of Grace.
The death of the queen would have disastrous consequences for Thomas Cromwell. The couple's first child, Henry was born in 1538, [71] [72] shortly before their arrival at Lewes Priory in Sussex, recently acquired by Thomas Cromwell, [79] where they resided until early 1539. [80]
Sanders claimed that Ellen (née Mitchell) was related to Thomas Cromwell, and that she had worked for him in his household. Given that Cromwell was known to take pity on widows, this is not unlikely. [65] [66] The 17th-century historian Gilbert Burnet considered that Sanders' story was a fiction. [67]