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It is not unusual for patients to walk in for treatment and have such a fracture discovered on X-rays. Only if the force of the injury is severe enough that the vertebral body of C2 is severely subluxed from C3 does the spinal cord become crushed, usually between the vertebral body of C3 and the posterior elements of C1 and C2. [citation needed]
CT gives greater detail than X-rays, but exposes the patient to more radiation, [91] and it still does not give images of the spinal cord or ligaments; MRI shows body structures in the greatest detail. [10] Thus it is the standard for anyone who has neurological deficits found in SCI or is thought to have an unstable spinal column injury. [92]
The posterior longitudinal ligament is situated within the vertebral canal.It extends across the posterior surfaces of the bodies of the vertebrae. [1] It extends superoinferiorly between the body of the axis superiorly, [1] and (sources differ) the sacrum and possibly the coccyx [1] or upper sacral canal [2] inferiorly.
The C2 to C7 laminae are drilled at the lateral borders of the laminae. One side of the bone is completely cut, while the other side acts as a hinge. The laminae are then lifted to increase space in the spinal canal. The flap of the laminae is kept open with a suture that is fixed to the facet capsule. [1] [5]
Whole-body radiograph of a major trauma case (where, however, full-body CT scan is usually preferable), showing bilateral femur fractures. [16] The spine (that is, the vertebral column. A projectional radiograph of the spine confers an effective dose of approximately 1.5 mSv, comparable to a background radiation equivalent time of 6 months.
In human anatomy, the five vertebrae are between the rib cage and the pelvis.They are the largest segments of the vertebral column and are characterized by the absence of the foramen transversarium within the transverse process (since it is only found in the cervical region) and by the absence of facets on the sides of the body (as found only in the thoracic region).
The atlas (C1) and axis (C2) are the two topmost vertebrae. The atlas (C1) is the topmost vertebra, and along with the axis forms the joint connecting the skull and spine. It lacks a vertebral body, spinous process, and discs either superior or inferior to it. It is ring-like and consists of an anterior arch, posterior arch, and two lateral masses.
The atlas's chief peculiarity is that it has no body, [3] which has fused with the next vertebra. [4] It is ring-like and consists of an anterior and a posterior arch and two lateral masses. The atlas and axis are important neurologically because the brainstem extends down to the axis.