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The functions of the stem are to raise and support the leaves and reproductive organs above the level of the soil, to facilitate absorption of light for photosynthesis, gas exchange, water exchange (transpiration), pollination, and seed dispersal. The stem also serves as a conduit, from roots to overhead structures, for water and other growth ...
The cork cambium is a lateral meristem and is responsible for secondary growth that replaces the epidermis in roots and stems. It is found in woody and many herbaceous dicots, gymnosperms and some monocots (monocots usually lack secondary growth). It is one of the plant's meristems – the series of tissues consisting of embryonic disk ...
Helianthus stem in section. The cells of the vascular cambium (F) divide to form phloem on the outside, located beneath the bundle cap (E), and xylem (D) on the inside. Most of the vascular cambium is here in vascular bundles (ovals of phloem and xylem together) but it is starting to join these up as at point F between the bundles.
A section of rosemary stem, an example of a woody plant, showing a typical wood structure. A woody plant is a plant that produces wood as its structural tissue and thus has a hard stem. [1] In cold climates, woody plants further survive winter or dry season above ground, as opposed to herbaceous plants that die back to the ground until spring. [2]
Fruticose: Stems that grow shrublike with woody like habit. Herbaceous: Non woody stems which die at the end of the growing season. Internode: An interval between two successive nodes. It possesses the ability to elongate, either from its base or from its extremity depending on the species.
Bark is present only on woody plants - herbaceous plants and stems of young plants lack bark. Tree cross section diagram. From the outside to the inside of a mature woody stem, the layers include the following: [20] Bark Periderm Cork (phellem or suber), includes the rhytidome; Cork cambium (phellogen) Phelloderm; Cortex; Phloem; Vascular ...
The cells in vascular tissue are typically long and slender. Since the xylem and phloem function in the conduction of water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant, it is not surprising that their form should be similar to pipes. The individual cells of phloem are connected end-to-end, just as the sections of a pipe might be.
Secondary growth thickens the stem and roots, typically making them woody.Obstructions such as this metal post and stubs of limbs can be engulfed. In botany, secondary growth is the growth that results from cell division in the cambia or lateral meristems and that causes the stems and roots to thicken, while primary growth is growth that occurs as a result of cell division at the tips of stems ...