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A Banach space is reflexive if it is linearly isometric to its bidual under this canonical embedding . James' space is an example of a non-reflexive space which is linearly isometric to its bidual. Furthermore, the image of James' space under the canonical embedding J {\displaystyle J} has codimension one in its bidual.
Tsirelson space, a reflexive Banach space in which neither nor can be embedded. W.T. Gowers construction of a space X {\displaystyle X} that is isomorphic to X ⊕ X ⊕ X {\displaystyle X\oplus X\oplus X} but not X ⊕ X {\displaystyle X\oplus X} serves as a counterexample for weakening the premises of the Schroeder–Bernstein theorem [ 1 ]
In mathematics, the Milman–Pettis theorem states that every uniformly convex Banach space is reflexive.. The theorem was proved independently by D. Milman (1938) and B. J. Pettis (1939).
In mathematics, more specifically in functional analysis, a Banach space (/ ˈ b ɑː. n ʌ x /, Polish pronunciation:) is a complete normed vector space.Thus, a Banach space is a vector space with a metric that allows the computation of vector length and distance between vectors and is complete in the sense that a Cauchy sequence of vectors always converges to a well-defined limit that is ...
The topological dual of -Banach space deduced from by any restriction scalar will be denoted ′. (It is of interest only if is a complex space because if is a -space then ′ = ′. James compactness criterion — Let X {\displaystyle X} be a Banach space and A {\displaystyle A} a weakly closed nonempty subset of X . {\displaystyle X.}
The Eberlein–Šmulian theorem is important in the theory of PDEs, and particularly in Sobolev spaces. Many Sobolev spaces are reflexive Banach spaces and therefore bounded subsets are weakly precompact by Alaoglu's theorem. Thus the theorem implies that bounded subsets are weakly sequentially precompact, and therefore from every bounded ...
In a non-reflexive Banach space, such as the Lebesgue space () of all bounded sequences, Riesz’s lemma does not hold for =. [ 5 ] However, every finite dimensional normed space is a reflexive Banach space, so Riesz’s lemma does holds for α = 1 {\displaystyle \alpha =1} when the normed space is finite-dimensional, as will now be shown.
In functional analysis, the type and cotype of a Banach space are a classification of Banach spaces through probability theory and a measure, how far a Banach space from a Hilbert space is. The starting point is the Pythagorean identity for orthogonal vectors ( e k ) k = 1 n {\displaystyle (e_{k})_{k=1}^{n}} in Hilbert spaces