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Monkey jack (Artocarpus lacucha) fruits, Kolkata, West Bengal, India An Artocarpus lacucha twig in Panchkhal VDC, Nepal. Artocarpus lacucha, also known as monkey jack [1] or monkey fruit, [1] is a tropical evergreen tree species of the family Moraceae. It is distributed throughout the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. [2]
Artocarpus is a genus of approximately 60 trees and shrubs of Southeast Asian and Pacific origin, belonging to the mulberry family, Moraceae.Most species of Artocarpus are restricted to Southeast Asia; a few cultivated species are more widely distributed, especially A. altilis (breadfruit) and A. heterophyllus (jackfruit), which are cultivated throughout the tropics.
It is found in the heartwood of Artocarpus lakoocha and in the traditional drug 'Puag-Haad' made from it. [1] It is also the aglycone of mulberroside A, a compound found in Morus alba, the white mulberry. [2] Oxyresveratrol is a potent tyrosinase inhibitor. [2]
Plant species in the Moraceae are best known for their fruits. Overall, most species produced a fleshy fruit containing seeds. Examples include the breadfruit from Artocarpus altilis, the mulberry from Morus rubra, the fig from Ficus carica, and the jackfruit from Artocarpus heterophyllus. [9] [10]
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The first post-Linnaean description of the species was done by Sydney Parkinson during James Cook's first voyage to the Pacific. Parkinson, an artist employed by Joseph Banks , died on the return leg of the voyage and his descriptions were published posthumously by his brother Stanfield Parkinson in 1773 in A Journal of a Voyage to the South Seas .
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Albizia lebbeck, Artocarpus lakoocha, Dysoxylum malabaricum and Mesua ferrea' are some of the species of flora found here. Clawless otter, Asiatic Elephant, Bengal tiger, Stripe-necked mongoose and mouse deer are some of the animal species found here.