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The long acting insulin is given once (usually glargine, Lantus) or twice (usually detemir, Levemir) daily to provide a base, or basal insulin level. Rapid acting (RA) insulin is given before meals and snacks. A similar profile can be provided using an insulin pump where rapid acting insulin is given as the basal and premeal bolus insulin.
Fast acting insulins do not require the injection-to-meal interval previously recommended for human insulin and animal insulins. The other type is long acting insulin; the first of these was Lantus (insulin glargine). These have a steady effect for an extended period from 18 to 24 hours.
Insulin glargine sold under the brand name Lantus among others is a long-acting modified form of medical insulin, used in the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. [7] It is injected just under the skin . [ 7 ]
Insulin glargine is a long-acting modified form of medical insulin used in the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. [81] It is administered through subcutaneous injection. Its effects typically begin within an hour of injection. [81] Common side effects include (hypoglycemia, issues at the injection site, itchiness, and weight gain. [81]
The insulin aspart protamine portion is a crystalline form of insulin aspart, which delays the action of the insulin, giving it a prolonged absorption profile after injection. [15] The combination of the fast-acting form and the long-acting form allows the patient to receive fewer injections over the course of the day. [28]
This is an ultralong-acting insulin analogue developed by Novo Nordisk, which markets it under the brand name Tresiba. It is administered once daily and has a duration of action that lasts up to 40 hours (compared to 18 to 26 hours provided by other marketed long-acting insulins such as insulin glargine and insulin detemir).
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