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The Grand Duchy of Finland, officially and also translated as the Grand Principality of Finland, [a] was the predecessor state of modern Finland. ... Map of Finland ...
English: This 1825 map of the Grand Duchy of Finland is from a larger work, Geographical atlas of the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Poland, and the Grand Duchy of Finland (Geograficheskii atlas Rossiiskoi imperii, tsarstva Pol'skogo i velikogo kniazhestva Finliandskogo), containing 61 maps of the Russian Empire. Compiled and engraved by ...
This 1825 map of the Grand Duchy of Finland is from a larger work, geographical atlas of the Russian Empire. (1809 Diet of Porvoo) The sovereign's pledge, printed in Finnish Grand Duchy of Finland, 75 kopek assignat (1824) During the Finnish War between Sweden and Russia, Finland was again conquered by the armies of Tsar Alexander I.
As a result, the eastern third of Sweden was ceded to the Russian Empire and became established as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland. Swedish rule in the area of modern-day Finland started as a result of the Northern Crusades. The Finnish upper class lost its position and lands to new Swedish and German nobility and to the Catholic Church. [1]
The provisional government established after the Grand Duchy of Finland's declaration of independence leaned heavily toward the Finnish right and included a number of monarchists. The parliament drew up plans to create a Finnish monarchy on the legal theory that the Swedish Constitution of 1772 was still in effect, but there had been an ...
In the Treaty of Fredrikshamn on September 17, 1809 Sweden was obliged to cede all its territory in Finland, east of the Torne River, to Russia. The ceded territories became a part of the Russian Empire and was reconstituted into the Grand Duchy of Finland, with the Russian Tsar as Grand Duke.
The Grand Duke of Finland, alternatively the Grand Prince of Finland [a] after 1802, was, from around 1580 to 1809, a title in use by most Swedish monarchs. Between 1809 and 1917, it was included in the title of the emperor of Russia , who was also the ruler of the Grand Duchy of Finland .
Governorates of the Grand Duchy of Finland during 1831–1917: Åbo och Björneborg Governorate (Russian: Або-Бьернеборгская губерния, Swedish: Åbo och Björneborgs län, Finnish: Turun ja Porin lääni) Kuopio Governorate (Russian: Куопиоская губерния, Swedish: Kuopio län, Finnish: Kuopion lääni)