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The cavity magnetron is a high-power vacuum tube used in early radar systems and subsequently in microwave ovens and in linear particle accelerators. A cavity magnetron generates microwaves using the interaction of a stream of electrons with a magnetic field, while moving past a series of cavity resonators, which are small, open cavities in a ...
The magnetic amplifier (colloquially known as a "mag amp") is an electromagnetic device for amplifying electrical signals. The magnetic amplifier was invented early in the 20th century, and was used as an alternative to vacuum tube amplifiers where robustness and high current capacity were required.
The resonant cavity magnetron continued to evolve at the Rad Lab. A team led by I.I. Rabi first extended the operation of the magnetron from 10-cm (called S-band), to 6-cm (C-band), then to 3-cm (X-band), and eventually to 1-cm (K-band). To keep pace, all of the other radar sub-systems also were evolving continuously.
The gyroklystron is a microwave amplifier with operation dependent on the cyclotron resonance condition. [13] Similarly to the klystron, its operation depends on the modulation of the electron beam, but instead of axial bunching the modulation forces alter the cyclotron frequency and hence the azimuthal component of motion, resulting in phase ...
The theoretical principles governing the operation of a maser were first described by Joseph Weber of the University of Maryland, College Park at the Electron Tube Research Conference in June 1952 in Ottawa, [2] with a summary published in the June 1953 Transactions of the Institute of Radio Engineers Professional Group on Electron Devices, [3] and simultaneously by Nikolay Basov and Alexander ...
The complete theory of electromagnetism was only formulated by James Clerk Maxwell in 1865, and has been found valid up until today. Patent sketch of Howard Johnson's magnet motor Since the middle of the 20th century, a number of inventors claimed to have constructed various magnet motors.
Microwave resonant cavities can be represented and thought of as simple LC circuits, see Montgomery et al pages 207-239. [15] For a microwave cavity, the stored electric energy is equal to the stored magnetic energy at resonance as is the case for a resonant LC circuit .
With the help of the expert glassblower of the Department, Jake Jonson, I built my first high vacuum magnetron trap in 1959 and was soon able to trap electrons for about 10 sec and to detect axial, magnetron and cyclotron resonances." – H. Dehmelt. H. Dehmelt shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989 for the development of the ion trap technique.