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The title Manusmriti is a relatively modern term and a late innovation, probably coined because the text is in a verse form. [2] The over-fifty manuscripts discovered ...
This is a list of dāstāns and qissas (prose fiction) written in Urdu during the 18th and 19th centuries. The skeleton of the list is a reproduction of the list provided by Gyan Chand Jain in his study entitled Urdū kī nasrī dāstānen .
Written documents: while the Arthashastra often refers to written documents, and treats the composition of written documents in a specific chapter, yet writing did not exist yet in India when the Mauryan empire was founded. [111] Alchemy and metal-working: there are references to alchemy in the Arthashastra, which is probably a western influence.
According to legendary narratives, [a] preserved in various traditions dating from the 4th to 11th century CE, Chanakya (ISO: Cāṇakya, pronunciation ⓘ) was a Brahmin who assisted the first Mauryan emperor Chandragupta in his rise to power and the establishment of the Maurya Empire.
Urdu literature originated some time around the 14th century in present-day North India among the sophisticated gentry of the courts. The continuing traditions of Islam and patronisations of foreign culture centuries earlier by Muslim rulers, usually of Turkic or Afghan descent, marked their influence on the Urdu language given that both ...
The extant Dharmasutras are written in concise sutra format, [23] with a very terse incomplete sentence structure which are difficult to understand and leave much to the reader to interpret. [19] The Dharmasastras are derivative works on the Dharmasutras, using a shloka (four 8-syllable verse style chandas poetry, Anushtubh meter), which are ...
As with most ancient texts, the exact date that Medhātithi's commentary was written is unknown. Kane argues that, because Medhātithi names several other commentators that are dated earlier than he is, and because the author of the Mitākṣarā (a commentary on the Yajnavalkya Smriti) considers him as authoritative, he has to be writing later than 820 CE and before 1050 CE. [3]
According to Manusmriti, the individual who, having initiated a pupil, teaches him the Veda along with the ritualistic and esoteric treatises—him they call, ‘Ācārya,’ ‘Preceptor’—(140) [6] Other authors' definitions: [6] Gautama-Dharmasūtra, 1.10-11. — ‘The Upanayana is the second birth.