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A pipe support or pipe hanger is a designed element that transfer the load from a pipe to the supporting structures. The load includes the weight of the pipe proper, the content that the pipe carries, all the pipe fittings attached to pipe, and the pipe covering such as insulation. The four main functions of a pipe support are to anchor, guide ...
Prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) is a common variety of large-diameter concrete pressure pipe used for transporting water and wastewater. PCCP is typical manufactured according to the American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard C304. [ 1 ]
An articulated bogie (aka Jakob-type) is any one of a number of bogie designs that reduce weight, increase passenger comfort, and allow railway equipment to safely turn sharp corners, while reducing or eliminating the "screeching" normally associated with metal wheels rounding a bend in the rails. There are a number of such designs, and the ...
A swivel joint for a pipe is often a threaded connection in between which at least one of the pipes is curved, often at an angle of 45 or 90 degrees. The connection is tightened enough to be water- or air-tight and then tightened further so that it is in the correct position.
Typically, the pipe is manufactured using centrifugal casting in metal or resin lined moulds. [3] Protective internal linings and external coatings are often applied to ductile iron pipes to inhibit corrosion: the standard internal lining is cement mortar and standard external coatings include bonded zinc, asphalt or water-based paint.
Cement-mortar lined ductile iron pipe is a ductile iron pipe with cement lining on the inside surface, and is commonly used for water distribution. Cement-mortar lined ductile iron pipe is governed by standards set forth by DIPRA ( Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association ), and was first used in 1922 in Charleston, South Carolina .
The tremie concrete placement method uses a vertical or nearly vertical pipe, through which concrete is placed by gravity feed below water level. [4]The lower end of the pipe is kept immersed in fresh concrete so that concrete rising from the bottom displaces the water above it, thus limiting washing out of the cement content of the fresh concrete at the exposed upper surface.
The leading edge of the pipe is almost always open, and is typically closed only when smaller pipes are being installed. The shape allows a small overcut (to reduce friction between the pipe and soil and improve load conditions on the pipe), and directs the soil into the pipe interior instead of compacting it outside the pipe. These objectives ...