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Inbreeding is also used to reveal deleterious recessive alleles, which can then be eliminated through assortative breeding or through culling. In plant breeding, inbred lines are used as stocks for the creation of hybrid lines to make use of the effects of heterosis. Inbreeding in plants also occurs naturally in the form of self-pollination.
The modern human Oase 2 skull (cast depicted), found in Peştera cu Oase, displays archaic traits due to possible hybridization with Neanderthals. [57] The early modern human Oase 1 mandible from Peștera cu Oase (Romania) of 34,000–36,000 14 C years BP presents a mosaic of modern, archaic, and possible Neanderthal features. [58]
Therefore the coefficient of inbreeding of individual G is = (+) = + = %. If the parents of an individual are not inbred themselves, the coefficient of inbreeding of the individual is one-half the coefficient of relationship between the parents. This can be verified in the previous example, as 12.5% is one-half of 25%, the coefficient of ...
F IT is the inbreeding coefficient of an individual (I) relative to the total (T) population, as above; F IS is the inbreeding coefficient of an individual (I) relative to the subpopulation (S), using the above for subpopulations and averaging them; and F ST is the effect of subpopulations (S) compared to the total population (T), and is ...
The term coefficient of relationship was defined by Sewall Wright in 1922, and was derived from his definition of the coefficient of inbreeding of 1921. The measure is most commonly used in genetics and genealogy. A coefficient of inbreeding can be calculated for an individual, and is typically one-half the coefficient of relationship between ...
Genetic purging is the increased pressure of natural selection against deleterious alleles prompted by inbreeding. [1]Purging occurs because deleterious alleles tend to be recessive, which means that they only express all their harmful effects when they are present in the two copies of the individual (i.e., in homozygosis).
Without pedigree collapse, a person's ancestor tree is a binary tree, formed by the person, the parents (2), the grandparents (4), great-grandparents (8), and so on.. However, the number of individuals in such a tree grows exponentially and will eventually become impossibl
Inbreeding – Reproduction by closely related organisms; Inbreeding avoidance – Evolutionary biology concept of prevention of negative inbreeding effects; Inbreeding depression – Reduced fitness as a result of inbreeding; Incest – Sexual activity between immediate family members or people considered too closely related to marry