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Fetal abnormalities are conditions that affect a fetus or embryo, are able to be diagnosed prenatally, and may be fatal or cause disease after birth. They may include aneuploidies, structural abnormalities, or neoplasms. Acardiac twin; Achondrogenesis; Achondroplasia
Otocephaly is classified into four groups: (1) agnathia alone; (2) agnathia with holoprosencephaly; (3) agnathia with situs inversus and visceral anomalies; and (4) agnathia with holoprosencephaly, situs inversus, and visceral anomalies. Other extracranial malformations include neural tube defects, cephalocele, corpus callosum dysgenesis, renal ...
Minor physical anomalies (MPAs) are relatively minor (typically painless and, in themselves, harmless) congenital physical abnormalities consisting of features such as low-set ears, single transverse palmar crease, telecanthus, micrognathism, macrocephaly, hypotonia and furrowed tongue.
Pierre Robin sequence [a] (/ p j ɛər r ɔː ˈ b æ̃ /; [3] abbreviated PRS) is a congenital defect observed in humans which is characterized by facial abnormalities.The three main features are micrognathia (abnormally small mandible), which causes glossoptosis (downwardly displaced or retracted tongue), which in turn causes breathing problems due to obstruction of the upper airway.
Fetal warfarin syndrome is a disorder of the embryo which occurs in a child whose mother took the medication warfarin (brand name: Coumadin) during pregnancy. Resulting abnormalities include low birth weight , slower growth , intellectual disability , deafness , small head size , and malformed bones , cartilage , and joints .
The timing of surgery depends on the baby's symptoms and size. [8] The procedure involves increasing the size of the pulmonary valve and pulmonary arteries and repairing the ventricular septal defect. [8] In babies who are too small, a temporary surgery may be done with plans for a second surgery when the baby is bigger. [8]
A - Anorectal malformations; C - Cardiovascular anomalies; T - Tracheoesophageal fistula; E - Esophageal atresia; R - Renal (Kidney) and/or radial anomalies; L - Limb defects; Although it was not conclusive whether VACTERL should be defined by at least two or three component defects, [4] it is typically defined by the presence of at least three ...
Most of these malformations occur within the first 4 weeks of gestation. [7] Caudal dysgenesis is one of the most strongly associated diseases of diabetes. [8] This malformation has the highest risk for diabetic embryopathy. Infants from diabetic mothers usually have several blastogenic malformations.