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Lake Taupō (also spelled Taupo; Māori: Taupō-nui-a-Tia or Taupōmoana) is a large crater lake in New Zealand's North Island, located in the caldera of Taupō Volcano. The lake is the namesake of the town of Taupō , which sits on a bay in the lake's northeastern shore.
The eruption further expanded the lake, which had formed after the much larger Oruanui eruption. Its new deposits also briefly created another large lake to the Taupō Volcano's north that extended to the Reporoa Caldera which in due course broke out into the Waikato River valley and released over a short period 2.5 km 3 (0.60 cu mi) of water.
The district center of Taupō is located on the shores of New Zealand's largest lake, the volcanic Lake Taupō. Settled by the Ngāti Tūwharetoa , the region was first seen by Europeans in the 1830s, but was largely unsettled due to its isolated location and a lack of suitable farmland.
Taupo District covers 6,333.00 km 2 (2,445.18 sq mi) [1] and had an estimated population of 42,600 as of June 2024, [2] with a population density of 6.7 people per km 2. There are 27,000 people in the Taupō urban area, 3,840 people in the Tūrangi urban area, and 11,760 people in other settlements and in rural areas.
The longer name was first given to the cliff at Pākā Bay, on the eastern shore of the lake, and means the "great cloak of Tia". It was named for Tia, the Māori explorer who discovered the lake. Māori later applied the name to the lake itself. [3] In 2019 the official name of the town was changed from Taupo to Taupō. [4] [5]
The reefs are at a high heat-output geothermal hot spot area within the Taupō Volcano. [3] This is related to rhyolitic lava domes extruded after explosive volcanism. [4] The explosive eruptions include the VEI 7 Hatepe eruption of 232 ± 10 CE that ejected over 120 km 3 (29 cu mi) of material (also known as Horomatangi Reef Unit Y eruption) [5] and its linear line of eruption centres, [6] as ...