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A suit of gothic armour of the late 15th century, made by Lorenz Helmschmied of Augsburg, now kept in the Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg.. Gothic plate armour (German: Gotischer Plattenpanzer) was the type of steel plate armour made in the Holy Roman Empire during the 15th century.
Survey of historic costume: A history of Western dress (2nd ed.). New York: Fairchild Publications. ISBN 1-56367-003-8. Van Buren, Anne H. Illuminating Fashion: Dress in the Art of Medieval France and the Netherlands, 1325–1515. New York: Morgan Library & Museum, 2011. ISBN 978-1-9048-3290-4
As in the previous centuries, two styles of dress existed side-by-side for men: a short (knee-length) costume deriving from a melding of the everyday dress of the later Roman Empire and the short tunics worn by the invading barbarians, and a long (ankle-length) costume descended from the clothing of the Roman upper classes and influenced by Byzantine dress.
Medieval European costume generally covers clothing worn in Europe from the dawn of the Middle Ages (loosely c. 350-500 AD) to the birth of modern Western fashion around 1750. Clothing popularised c. 1750 through World War II is categorised under Category:History of clothing (Western fashion) .
Costume during the thirteenth century in Europe was relatively simple in its shapes, rich in colour for both men and women, and quite uniform across the Roman Catholic world as the Gothic style started its spread all over Europe in dress, architecture, and other arts.
This costume is not commonly seen in secular contexts, although possibly this is deliberate, to avoid confusing secular with divine subjects. The Theotokos ( Virgin Mary ) is shown wearing a maphorion , a more shaped mantle with a hood and sometimes a hole at the neck.
Costume historian James Laver suggests that the mid-14th century marks the emergence of recognizable "fashion" in clothing, [1] in which Fernand Braudel concurs. [2] The draped garments and straight seams of previous centuries were replaced by curved seams and the beginnings of tailoring , which allowed clothing to more closely fit the human form.
In the first half of the 16th century, German dress varied widely from the costume worn in other parts of Europe. Skirts were cut separately from bodices, though often were sewn together, and the open-fronted gown laced over a kirtle with a wide band of rich fabric, often jeweled and embroidered, across the bust.