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Aryabhata ( ISO: Āryabhaṭa) or Aryabhata I [3] [4] (476–550 CE) [5] [6] was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy. His works include the Āryabhaṭīya (which mentions that in 3600 Kali Yuga , 499 CE, he was 23 years old) [ 7 ] and the Arya- siddhanta .
Following the Ganitapada, the next section is the "Kalakriya" or "The Reckoning of Time." In it, Aryabhata divides up days, months, and years according to the movement of celestial bodies. He divides up history astronomically; it is from this exposition that a date of AD 499 has been calculated for the compilation of the Aryabhatiya. [4]
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Aryabhata used this number system for representing both small and large numbers in his mathematical and astronomical calculations. This system can even be used to represent fractions and mixed fractions. For example, nga is 1 ⁄ 5, nja is 1 ⁄ 10 and jhardam (jha=9; its half) = 4 + 1 ⁄ 2. [further explanation needed]
Aryabhata also wrote the Arya Siddhanta, which is now lost. Aryabhata's contributions include: Trigonometry: (See also : Aryabhata's sine table) Introduced the trigonometric functions. Defined the sine as the modern relationship between half an angle and half a chord. Defined the cosine . Defined the versine (utkrama-jya).
In this measure, the circumference of a circle is 360° = (60 × 360) minutes = 21600 minutes. The radius of the circle, the measure of whose circumference is 21600 minutes, is 21600 / 2π minutes. Computing this using the value π = 3.1416 known to Aryabhata one gets the radius of the circle as 3438 minutes approximately. Āryabhaṭa's sine ...
Haridatta dispensed with the numerical symbolism used by Aryabhata and replaced it with the more flexible Katapayadi system. In this system, letters are used to represent digits and these letters are then used to invent meaningful words and sentences to denote specific numbers. These words and sentences could be remembered with much less effort.
Ā (ఆ) is a vowel of the Telugu abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter . It is closely related to the Kannada letter ಆ. Like in other Indic scripts, Telugu vowels have two forms: and independent letter for word and syllable-initial vowel sounds, and a vowel sign for changing the inherent "a" of Telugu consonant letters.