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Antiestrogens, also known as estrogen antagonists or estrogen blockers, are a class of drugs which prevent estrogens like estradiol from mediating their biological effects in the body. They act by blocking the estrogen receptor (ER) and/or inhibiting or suppressing estrogen production .
Testosterone, the major endogenous androgen and the target mediator of antiandrogens.. This is a list of antiandrogens, [1] or drugs that prevent the effects of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). [2]
[8] [9] In men, they are being investigated in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia [10] and also as potential contraceptive agents. [11] GnRH antagonists could be used as puberty blockers in transgender youth and to suppress sex hormone levels in transgender adolescents and adults. [12] [13] [14] [15]
[19] [20] [21] It also is used for suppressing estrogen production in transgender men. [22] It is considered a possible treatment for paraphilias. [23] Leuprorelin has been tested as a treatment for reducing sexual urges in pedophiles and other cases of paraphilia. [24] [25]
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are a class of drugs used in the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women and in men, [1] [2] and gynecomastia in men. They may also be used off-label to reduce estrogen conversion when supplementing testosterone exogenously. They may also be used for chemoprevention in women at high risk for breast cancer.
Enclomifene (INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name), or enclomiphene (USAN Tooltip United States Adopted Name), a nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator of the triphenylethylene group, acts by antagonizing the estrogen receptor (ER) in the pituitary gland, which reduces negative feedback by estrogen on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, thereby increasing gonadotropin ...