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The black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis) is a species of highly venomous snake belonging to the family Elapidae.It is native to parts of sub-Saharan Africa.First formally described by Albert Günther in 1864, it is the second-longest venomous snake after the king cobra; mature specimens generally exceed 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and commonly grow to 3 m (9.8 ft).
Acute kidney injury has been reported in a few cases of black mamba bites in humans as well as in animal models. [17] Death is due to suffocation resulting from paralysis of the respiratory muscles. [17] [42] Untreated black mamba bites have a mortality rate of 100%. [17] [43] Antivenom therapy is the mainstay of treatment for black mamba ...
A mamba may retain the same lair for years. Resembling a cobra, the threat display of a mamba includes rearing, opening the mouth and hissing. The black mamba's mouth is black within, which renders the threat more conspicuous. A rearing mamba has a narrower yet longer hood and tends to lean well forward, instead of standing erect as a cobra does.
The eastern green mamba (Dendroaspis angusticeps) is a highly venomous snake species of the mamba genus Dendroaspis native to the coastal regions of southern East Africa. Described by Scottish surgeon and zoologist Andrew Smith in 1849, it has a slender build with a bright green back and green-yellow ventral scales .
The western green mamba (Dendroaspis viridis) is a long, thin, and highly venomous snake species of the mamba genus, Dendroaspis. This species was first described in 1844 by American herpetologist Edward Hallowell. The western green mamba is a fairly large and predominantly arboreal species, capable of navigating through trees swiftly and ...
[1] [2] They are often distinguished from poisonous animals, which instead passively deliver their toxins (called poison) to their victims upon contact such as through inhalation, absorption through the skin, or after being ingested. [1] [2] [3] The only difference between venomous animals and poisonous animals is how they deliver the toxins. [3]
Elapidae (/ ə ˈ l æ p ə d iː /, commonly known as elapids / ˈ ɛ l ə p ə d z /, from Ancient Greek: ἔλαψ élaps, variant of ἔλλοψ éllops "sea-fish") [6] is a family of snakes characterized by their permanently erect fangs at the front of the mouth.
Calciseptine has been shown to specifically inhibit the L-type voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels and was the first natural polypeptide discovered with this property. Specific polypeptide inhibitors of voltage-sensitive channels are important tools in research, and were already known for voltage-sensitive Na + channels, both voltage-sensitive and Ca 2+-activated K + channels, and for N-type Ca 2 ...