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In March 2017, ocrelizumab was approved in the United States for the treatment of primary progressive multiple sclerosis in adults. [22] [42] It is also used for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, to include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease, and active secondary progressive disease in adults. [42]
Research in multiple sclerosis may find new pathways to interact with the disease, improve function, curtail attacks, or limit the progression of the underlying disease. Many treatments already in clinical trials involve drugs that are used in other diseases or medications that have not been designed specifically for multiple sclerosis .
Multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease, primarily mediated by T-cells. [15] The three main characteristics of MS are the formation of lesions in the central nervous system (also called plaques), inflammation, and the destruction of myelin sheaths of neurons.
Research using both hematopoietic adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells has provided insight into the possible mechanisms and methods of treatment for many of these ailments. [ 56 ] Fully mature human red blood cells may be generated ex vivo by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are precursors of red blood cells.
In the EU, ocrelizumab is indicated for the treatment of adults with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis with active disease defined by clinical or imaging features and for the treatment of adults with early primary progressive multiple sclerosis in terms of disease duration and level of disability, and with imaging features characteristic of ...
Ofatumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody to CD20, which appears to provide rapid B-cell depletion. [13] Under the brand name Kesimpta, it is approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis in the United States as well as in the European Union and other regions.
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