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Bite force quotient (BFQ) is a numerical value commonly used to represent the bite force of an animal adjusted for its body mass, while also taking factors like the allometry effects. The BFQ is calculated as the regression of the quotient of an animal's bite force in newtons divided by its body mass in kilograms. [ 1 ]
A 63.1 kg (139 lb) spotted hyena is estimated to have a bite force of 565.7 newtons at the canine tip and 985.5 newtons at the carnassial eocene. [46] One individual in a study was found to exert a bite force of 4,500 newtons on the measuring instruments. [47]
The strength of their jaws is such that both striped and spotted hyenas have been recorded to kill dogs with a single bite to the neck without breaking the skin. [37] [38] The spotted hyena is renowned for its strong bite proportional to its size, but a number of other animals (including the Tasmanian devil) are proportionately stronger.
It is nonetheless still powerfully structured and well adapted to anchoring exceptionally strong jaw muscles [5] which give it enough bite-force to splinter a camel's thigh bone. [26] Although the dentition is overall smaller than that of the spotted hyena, the upper molar of the striped hyena is far larger. [5] The dental formula is 3.1.4.0 ...
The cave hyena's diet probably differed little from contemporary African spotted hyenas, [11] and like living spotted hyenas, cave hyenas probably lived in groups (which in living spotted hyenas are called "clans") and were active predators rather than purely scavengers (with hunting being predominant over scavenging in the living spotted hyena ...
The largest known fossil hyena is Pachycrocuta, estimated at 90–100 cm (35–39 in) at the shoulder [193] and 190 kg (420 lb) weight. [42] Another huge hyena with mass over 100 kg (220 lb) is the cave hyena. It is actually a subspecies of the African spotted hyena, which is at 10% smaller than the extinct cave hyena. [194]
A nearly complete skull fossil found in Egypt has revealed a new species of Hyaenodonta, an apex carnivore that mysteriously went extinct about 25 million years ago.
Pachycrocuta is an extinct genus of prehistoric hyenas.The largest and most well-researched species is Pachycrocuta brevirostris, colloquially known as the giant short-faced hyena as it stood about 90–100 cm (35–39 in) at the shoulder [1] and it is estimated to have averaged 110 kg (240 lb) in weight, [2] approaching the size of a lioness, making it the largest known hyena.