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Saracen was a term used both in Greek and Latin writings between the 5th and 15th centuries to refer to the people who lived in and near what was designated by the Romans as Arabia Petraea and Arabia Deserta. The term's meaning evolved during its history of usage. During the Early Middle Ages, the term came to be associated with the tribes of Arabia. The oldest known source mentioning ...
The Graeco-Arabic translation movement was a large, well-funded, and sustained effort responsible for translating a significant volume of secular Greek texts into Arabic. [1] The translation movement took place in Baghdad from the mid-eighth century to the late tenth century.
The work was based upon a manuscript in the Bodleian Library ascribed to the Arabic historian El-Wâkidî, with additions from El-Mekîn, Abû-l-Fidâ, Abû-l-Faraj, and others. Hamaker , however, has proved that the manuscript in question is not the celebrated 'Kitâb el-Maghâzî' of El-Wâkidî, but the 'Futûh esh-Sham,' a work of little ...
Another legacy of Muslim rule is the survival of some Sicilian toponyms of Arabic origin, for example "Calata-" or "Calta-" from Arabic qalʿat (قلعة) "fortress or citadel". Indeed, the city of Caltanisetta gets its name from the Saracen name قلعة النساء Qal‘at al-Nisā’ ('Fort of the Women').
Prephacio ('Preface'), Robert of Ketton's introduction to his translation of the Qurʾān [12] Lex Sarracenorum ('Law of the Saracens'), Robert of Ketton's translation of the Qurʾān [13] Epistola Saraceni et rescriptum Christiani ('Letter of the Saracen and the Response of the Christian'), Peter of Toledo's translation of the Apology of al ...
In Lucera (Lucaera Saracenorum or Lugêrah as it was known in Arabic), the de facto political and cultural capital of these Islamic communities and also an important royal residence of the Swabian rulers, 20,000 Sicilian Muslims lived for approximately 80 years, till 1300, when their community was dispersed by order of the new Angevin monarch ...
The use of Arabic cognomens by the Mozarab communities of Al-Andalus is emblematic of the adoption by the Christians of the outward manifestations of Arab-language Islamic culture. The Mozarabs employed Arabic-style names such as Zaheid ibn Zafar , Pesencano ibn Azafar , Ibn Gafif , Ibn Gharsiya (Garcia), Ibn Mardanish (Martinez), Ibn Faranda ...
Another influential source was the Epistolae Saraceni ("Letters of a Saracen") written by an Oriental Christian and translated into Latin from Arabic. [1] From the 9th century onwards, highly negative biographies of Muhammad were written in Latin. [1]