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A proxy interprets, and, if necessary, rewrites specific parts of a request message before forwarding it. SIP proxy servers that route messages to more than one destination are called forking proxies. The forking of a SIP request establishes multiple dialogs from the single request. Thus, a call may be answered from one of multiple SIP endpoints.
An intermediary machine or process rejected the call attempt. [25] This contrasts with the 607 (Unwanted) SIP response code in which a human, the called party, rejected the call. The intermediary rejecting the call should include a Call-Info header with "purpose" value "jwscard", with the jCard [26] with contact details. The calling party can ...
As all control messages for each call flow through the B2BUA, a service provider may implement value-added features available during the call. In the originating call leg, the B2BUA acts as a user agent server (UAS) and processes the request as a user agent client (UAC) to the destination end, handling the signaling between end points back-to-back.
To show the operation of an SBC, one can compare a simple call establishment sequence with a call establishment sequence with an SBC. [4] In the simplest session establishment sequence with only one proxy between the user agents the proxy’s task is to identify the callee’s location and forward the request to it.
To allow a call to be set up correctly, where ISUP is supported, a switch will signal call-related information like called party number to the next switch in the network using ISUP messages. The telephone exchanges may be connected via T1 or E1 trunks which transport the speech from the calls. These trunks are divided into 64 kbit/s timeslots ...
The introduction of Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) means that point-to-point communications are no longer restricted to voice calls but can now be extended to multimedia technologies such as video. IVR manufacturers have extended their systems into IVVR (interactive voice and video response), especially for the mobile phone networks.
Such functions can include in-network answering machines, 800 numbers, automatic call forwarding, conference bridges and many other types of application. In integrated telephone networks, these are mostly implemented as functions in the telephone exchange , but in more open networks such as IP telephony networks based on the SIP protocol, these ...
In contrast, IntServ is a fine-grained, flow-based mechanism. DiffServ relies on a mechanism to classify and mark packets as belonging to a specific class. DiffServ-aware routers implement per-hop behaviors (PHBs), which define the packet-forwarding properties associated with a class of traffic.