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Two types of gradients, with blue arrows to indicate the direction of the gradient. Light areas indicate higher pixel values A blue and green color gradient. An image gradient is a directional change in the intensity or color in an image. The gradient of the image is one of the fundamental building blocks in image processing.
The gradient is obtained from an existing image and modified for image editing purposes. Various operators, such as finite difference or Sobel, can be used to find the gradient of a given image. This gradient can then be manipulated directly to produce several different effects when the resulting image is solved for.
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Mathematically, the gradient of a two-variable function (here the image intensity function) is at each image point a 2D vector with the components given by the derivatives in the horizontal and vertical directions. At each image point, the gradient vector points in the direction of largest possible intensity increase, and the length of the ...
Minimum cut-off suppression of gradient magnitudes, or lower bound thresholding, is an edge thinning technique. Lower bound cut-off suppression is applied to find the locations with the sharpest change of intensity value. The algorithm for each pixel in the gradient image is:
where x is the initial intensity value in the image, z is the computed derivative and i,j represent the location in the image. The results of this operation will highlight changes in intensity in a diagonal direction. One of the most appealing aspects of this operation is its simplicity; the kernel is small and contains only integers.