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Another example of a pullback comes from the theory of fiber bundles: given a bundle map π : E → B and a continuous map f : X → B, the pullback (formed in the category of topological spaces with continuous maps) X × B E is a fiber bundle over X called the pullback bundle. The associated commutative diagram is a morphism of fiber bundles.
The Alcohol Timeline Followback Method (TLFB) is a tool developed in 1970 by Linda Carter Sobell and Mark B. Sobell used to assess an individual's alcohol intake. It evaluates an individual's daily drinking and then provides a report of an individual's drinking pattern.
Research has shown that cue reactivity is experienced among individuals dependent on a variety of substances including alcohol, nicotine, opiates, and cocaine. [ 6 ] [ 15 ] However, research focused on these substances have been primarily done in isolation of each other and there are nuances regarding cue reactivity within each substance.
The term 'alcohol dependence' has replaced 'alcoholism' as a term in order that individuals do not internalize the idea of cure and disease, but can approach alcohol as a chemical they may depend upon to cope with outside pressures. The contemporary definition of alcohol dependence is still based upon early research.
The PRISMA flow diagram, depicting the flow of information through the different phases of a systematic review. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) is an evidence-based minimum set of items aimed at helping scientific authors to report a wide array of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, primarily used to assess the benefits and harms of a health care ...
The survey and its findings, however, didn’t show the whole picture. Robert Walker, an assistant professor at the university’s Center on Drug and Alcohol Research and a designer of the study, conceded that his team surveyed addicts early in their recovery. “You are probably seeing some honeymoon effect,” he said.
The three circles is an exercise / diagram used by recovering addicts to describe and define behaviors that lead either to a relapse into or recovery from addictive behaviors. Some treatment groups and 12-step recovery programs related to behavioral addictions encourage recovering addicts to complete the three circle exercise to help the addict ...
In the relapse prevention model, patients and clinicians work together to develop strategies that target these high-risk situations, using both cognitive and behavioral techniques. By increasing coping skills and confidence, patients learn to handle challenging situations without turning to alcohol. [10] or drugs, thus increasing their self ...