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Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a medical condition characterized by blood pooling in the veins, leading to increased pressure and strain on the vein walls. [1] The most common cause of CVI is superficial venous reflux, which often results in the formation of varicose veins, a treatable condition. [2]
Venous ulcers are costly to treat, and there is a significant chance that they will recur after healing; [3] [10] one study found that up to 48% of venous ulcers had recurred by the fifth year after healing. [10] However treatment with local anaesthetic endovenous techniques suggests a reduction of this high recurrence rate is possible. [48]
The overlay of color onto the Doppler information lets these images be seen more clearly. [8] The choice of a probe will depend on the depth needed to be studied. For example, the superficial venous system (SVS) can be very well examined using a high-frequency probe of 12 MHz.
Less commonly, but not exceptionally, varicose veins can be due to other causes, such as post-phlebitic obstruction or incontinence, venous and arteriovenous malformations. [18] Venous reflux is a significant cause. Research has also shown the importance of pelvic vein reflux (PVR) in the development of varicose veins.
The reason for this is that there is a clear association between leg telangiectasia and underlying venous reflux. [12] Research has shown that 88–89% of women with telangiectasia have refluxing reticular veins close, [ 13 ] and 15% have incompetent perforator veins nearby. [ 14 ]
When the valves of perforator veins become incompetent they can cause venous reflux when the muscles contract. This has been explained by Mark Whiteley as "active venous reflux". [4] The resulting reflux can cause a rapid deterioration in an existing varicose disease and be responsible for the development of venous ulcers.
The great saphenous vein (GSV) or long saphenous vein (/ s ə ˈ f iː n ə s /) is a large, subcutaneous, superficial vein of the leg.It is the longest vein in the body, running along the length of the lower limb, returning blood from the foot, leg and thigh to the deep femoral vein at the femoral triangle.
Venous stasis, or venostasis, is a condition of slow blood flow in the veins, usually of the legs. ... DVT) or in the superficial veins; Id reactions [1] Causes ...