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The Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: Kongreso ng Pilipinas) is the legislature of the national government of the Philippines. It is bicameral , composed of an upper body, the Senate , and a lower body, the House of Representatives , [ 3 ] although colloquially, the term "Congress" commonly refers to just the latter .
Congress is a bicameral legislature. The upper house, the Senate, is composed of 24 senators. These are elected through plurality-at-large voting, with the entire country considered a single district. [14] The senators elect amongst themselves a Senate President.
The government of the Philippines (Filipino: Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas) has three interdependent branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.The Philippines is governed as a unitary state under a presidential representative and democratic constitutional republic in which the president functions as both the head of state and the head of government of the country within a pluriform ...
The legislative system was changed again in 1935. The 1935 Constitution established a unicameral National Assembly. But in 1940, through an amendment to the 1935 Constitution, a bicameral Congress of the Philippines consisting of a House of Representatives and a Senate was adopted.
The country has had different setups, with legislatures under the presidential system and the parliamentary system, and with legislatures having one or two chambers. The first national legislature in the Philippines was the Malolos Congress that convened in the Barasoain Church at Malolos, Bulacan.
The Senate of the Philippines (Filipino: Senado ng Pilipinas) is the upper house of Congress, the bicameral legislature of the Philippines, with the House of Representatives as the lower house. The Senate is composed of 24 senators who are elected at-large (the country forms one district in senatorial elections ) under a plurality-at-large ...
It was bicameral and the legislative branch of the Insular Government. From 1907 to 1916, under the Philippine Organic Act of 1902 , the legislature's lower house was the elected Philippine Assembly and its upper house was the appointed Philippine Commission , headed by the American governor general (who also served as the executive of the ...
Representation to the legislature traces its origin to the Spanish era, when the Philippines was granted very limited representation to the Spanish Cortes.During the American period, when the Philippine Bill of 1902 was enacted, the first Philippine Assembly was established as the lower house and the then-existing Philippine Commission as the upper house.