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In practice, torture has been employed by many or most prisons, police and intelligence agencies throughout the world. Philosophers are divided on whether torture is forbidden under all circumstances or whether it may be justified in one-off situations, but without legalization or institutionalization. [2]
The ticking time bomb scenario is a thought experiment that has been used in the ethics debate over whether interrogational torture can ever be justified. The scenario can be formulated as follows: The scenario can be formulated as follows:
Torture [a] is defined as the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on someone under the control of the perpetrator. [2] [3] The treatment must be inflicted for a specific purpose, such as punishment and forcing the victim to confess or provide information.
Confronting Torture. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-52938-7. d'Ambruoso, William L. (2021). American Torture from the Philippines to Iraq: A Recurring Nightmare. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-757032-6. Alfred W. McCoy, A Question of Torture: CIA Interrogation, From the Cold War to the War on Terror, Henry Holt, 2006.
Delaware was the first state to ratify the Constitution, doing so on December 7, 1787. On June 21, 1788, New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify the Constitution, ensuring that the Constitution would take effect. Rhode Island was the last state to ratify the Constitution under Article VII, doing so on May 29, 1790.
Unethical human experimentation is human experimentation that violates the principles of medical ethics.Such practices have included denying patients the right to informed consent, using pseudoscientific frameworks such as race science, and torturing people under the guise of research.
The term "torture memos" was originally used to refer to three documents prepared by the Office of Legal Counsel at the United States Department of Justice and signed in August 2002: "Standards of Conduct for Interrogation under 18 U.S.C. sections 2340–2340A" and "Interrogation of al-Qaeda" (both drafted by Jay Bybee), and an untitled letter from John Yoo to Alberto Gonzales.
The Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture (OPCAT) entered into force on 22 June 2006 as an important addition to the UNCAT. As stated in Article 1, the purpose of the protocol is to "establish a system of regular visits undertaken by independent international and national bodies to places where people are deprived of their liberty, in order to prevent torture and other cruel ...